Society for Summer Camps for Children at Pre-School Age (Towarzystwo Kolonii Letnich dla Dzieci w Wieku Przedszkolnym) was formed in Łódź in 1933 on the initiative of Janina Pawłowska, inspector of pre-school education, employed at the Department of Education and Culture, a unit of the Municipal Board in Łódź. Its mission was to organize summer camps for children at a pre-school age. Up to that date, summer camps and summer play centres were organized only for older children (7–14 years). The idea to organize a camp for the youngest Łódź residents coincided with very difficult financial conditions of workers’ families, whose members were jobless and with no income as a result of the world’s economic crisis of 1929–1933 (in Łódź even until 1935). Summer camps organized by the Society were also supposed to be a support for the poorest workers’ families in Łódź. The purpose of the research is to make an attempt at the reconstruction of operations of Towarzystwo Kolonii Letnich dla Dzieci w Wieku Przedszkolnym in 1933–1939. The work focuses on the formation of that organization, its tasks and forms of activity, locations of camps for children, daily schedules, and the benefits of a month’s stay of the youngest children outside the city and their family homes. Materials and methods: The research uses source archive materials collected in the National Archive in Łódź and journals. The research was conducted using the method of historical explanation with its several variants (including descriptive, genetic, and structural explanation). Results, conclusions: Pawłowska managed to get parents in so-called parents’ care groups in kindergartens interested in the idea of summer camps. Representatives of the groups and kindergarten headmasters were members of the Society. Camps were supposed to be a relaxation and were co-educational. Before going to the countryside, children underwent medical examination. They were sent in groups (of 50) for a month’s stay in June, July, and August. Unemployed mothers were also involved in the campaign, as they worked as support staff. Pawłowska believed that Łódź was a pioneer in organizing summer camps for children at a pre-school age.