Introduction. In August 2021, following the withdrawal of NATO troops from Afghanistan, the Taliban seized power in Kabul. Within a few weeks, this led to retalibanization, i.e., a return to the methods of governing the country known from the 1990s. First, they closed schools to girls and banned women from returning to work, damaging the lives of millions of citizens, driving many of them into depression and suicidal thoughts. Aim. The aim of the article is to show the reader that from the perspective of the feminist theory of social reproduction, the patriarchal system is the cause of gender oppression and is responsible for the reproduction and maintenance of social inequalities. Materials and methods. The research was conducted based on the analysis of the literature on the subject and through interviews with Afghans and Afghan refugees. The research took place between December 2021, when I first had the opportunity to visit the Center for Foreigners in the Group and meet the Afghan refugees staying there, and November 2023. Respondents staying in Poland put me in touch with their compatriots and with refugees staying in Iran. Interview questions were semi-structured and responses were written in a journal or recorded. Results and conclusion. Using the perspective of feminist theory of social reproduction refers to the human potential that allows us to meet all needs. The analytical tool was Martha Nussbaum’s „Capability Perspective”, which showed that the influence of the Taliban on Afghan families is enormous and leads to the inability to ensure a basic minimum existence for their members, especially women and girls.