Aim. The aim of the paper is to present the issue of homelessness in the context of cognitive disorders. In Poland, it is relatively rarely discussed, although due to the aging of society, including the population of people experiencing a homelessness crisis, it requires the attention of decision-makers responsible for policy and social assistance. Methods and materials. The article reviews existing studies. Due to the fact that Polish literature on the subject does not provide extensive material on cognitive disorders among homeless people, reference was made to research carried out abroad, mainly in the United States of America and Canada. Results and conclusion. The collected data shows that cognitive disorders may lead to and accompany homelessness. Moreover, they extend the duration of homelessness and delay the process of getting out of it. It has also been noted that the longer a person remains without a safe, permanent place to live, the greater the risk of developing dementia symptoms. In turn, remaining in homelessness for an extended time increases the likelihood of deterioration of physical and mental health, and with the length of time in the homeless crisis, the subjective assessment of the health of homeless people clearly shows a decrease. Experiencing cognitive impairment and homelessness at the same time poses a serious threat to the individual, making it difficult to function on many levels. It is necessary to carry out adequate preventive, assistance, and harm reduction activities. They require the appropriate preparation of representatives of social services, especially social workers employed in facilities for homeless people.