Introduction. Contemporary reality brings many challenges and social changes that have a significant impact on family life. One of these challenges is the increasing number of single mothers raising preschool-aged children. This trend, present in many societies worldwide, opens up a wide field for analysis and understanding the difficulties these women face on their life path. Aim. Single mothers of preschool-aged children constitute a group that requires our attention and support, to provide them with stable and healthy conditions for the development of their youngest family members. Materials and methods. This article presents research highlighting the issues that single mothers raising preschool-aged children face. The research was conducted through an online survey among 348 single mothers. Conclusion. The analysis of the results obtained showed that contemporary single mothers encounter many difficulties. One of the main problems is the family’s financial situation. The surveyed mothers have trouble securing steady employment. Therefore, the majority rely on financial support from social assistance centres. However, they believe that this assistance is insufficient, meeting only basic needs. Single mothers in the study struggle with a lack of time for themselves and their children, resulting from an overload of responsibilities. They are isolated, lacking assistance from others and can only rely on parents and extended family. Due to the absence of the father, their children exhibit many negative behaviours, most commonly rebellion and anger. The conducted research demonstrates that the lives of most single mothers and their children are still very challenging. Non-profit organizations, government programs, and the local community can play a significant role in improving the quality of their lives by offering appropriate financial, educational, and emotional support.