Introduction. Music therapy in neonatal intensive care units is increasingly recognised as a form of support for both preterm infants and their parents. Family-Centred Music Therapy (FCMT) extends this approach by actively engaging parents in musical interactions that foster emotional attunement, strengthen parental competence, and support the parent–infant relationship. Aim. Despite a growing body of international research, knowledge about mothers’ experiences of FCMT in the Polish neonatal care context remains limited. The aim of this study was to understand the subjective meanings mothers attribute to prematurity, hospitalisation, and participation in FCMT in neonatal units in Poland. Methods and materials. Qualitative data were collected as written maternal narratives through an anonymous online questionnaire with open-ended questions. The study included 79 mothers of preterm infants hospitalised in four Polish hospitals. The data were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis within an interpretivist epistemological framework. Results. Four interrelated thematic areas were identified: 1) prematurity as a biographical crisis; 2) between institution and parenthood: motherhood in conditions of hospitalisation; 3) music therapy as emotional and cultural support within a medicalised hospital environment; and 4) music therapy as a space for building relationships in the family. Mothers described FCMT as a source of calm and hope, supporting stress regulation, closeness, and a sense of normalcy with their child. Musical interactions enhanced sensitivity to infant cues, strengthened parental competence, and supported maternal identity in uncertainty. FCMT may bridge the hospital environment and early family life, promoting maternal well-being and the parent–infant relationship.