According to developmental psychology childhood is the time when the child develops, both the personality as well as the whole body. All the factors influencing the child from the very beginning have a fundamental meaning for the shaping of the young human. All the deficiencies that a child experiences during early childhood have great repercussions in the later stages of development of their life. Emotional deficiencies cause disorders in this field. Excessive care can also bring serious consequences. The most important role in this process is played by the child’s parents (caregivers), closely and distantly related family environment, peers, educational institutions supporting parents in upbringing along with teachers. The way in which education is achieved decides the whole existence of the young human. The participation of children in the process of education is extremely important. Parents should strive to create such learning situations in which pupils may be active in gaining information about the surrounding natural and social world. Their cognitive awareness should be addressed by situations attractive to them. Children in the family should feel unselfish joy of meeting new people, things and phenomena. In this way the first social contacts connected with learning trigger positive attitudes to the social world. It will encourage the child to research new information. It will naturally shape their subjective attitude to themselves, other people and the culture in which they she lives