Aim: The relationship between the characteristics of the family environment and mood disorders in adolescence is one of the areas most often studied in searching for risk factors for adolescent depression. Socioeconomic status is one of the most important factors influencing family functioning in many aspects. The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between the socioeconomic status of the family of adolescents and their mood. Materials and methods of research: The study was carried out as part of the project “The life of the citizens of Lubusz voivodeship. The present and future outlook.” among 2508 lower secondary school students from the Lubusz voivodeship. To describe the socioeconomic status a questionnaire was used. To establish the mood of the students and its disorders the Burns Depression Checklist was used. Results: The study shows that there is a highly significant relationship between socioeconomic status and mood disorders in adolescents. The lower secondary school students studied, whose families struggle with low income, debt and the need to pay back loans, unemployment of one or both parents, bad living conditions and the inability to meet the basic needs of the family, more often experience difficult emotional states than their peers who are free of the above worries. Conclusion: The study confirms the assumption that a low socioeconomic status of the family is one of the risk factors of mood disorders in adolescents.