This article elaborates on diaries, written mainly by men in years 1946–1973. This interesting research source allows discovery of the qualities of fatherhood in the times of the Polish People’s Republic. Examined diaries shows author’s models of masculinity taken from family homes as well as personal parental attitudes. In the quoted literature fathers differ on many levels: age, social stratum, education, life situation. The described fathers are married and divorced. Fatherhood in the times of communism – and its economic and political reality – seems to be very different than modern fatherhood. Diaries show realities of family life with its modest living conditions: staples difficult to obtain as well as endless queues in the shops. Family roles are changing due to the fact that women are full-time workers. It implicates new men’s attitudes. This period creates new models of a husband and a father, which is actively involved in housework and child care, as an equal partner in the upbringing process.