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Efektywność terapii poznawczo-behawioralnej – modyfikacja poziomu lęku i samooceny u rodziców dzieci z ASD
1
Institute of Psychology, Pedagogical University of Krakow [Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie], Podchorazych 2, 33-332 Krakow, Poland
2
Institute of Special Education, Pedagogical University of Krakow [Instytut Pedagogiki Specjalnej, Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie], Ingardena 4, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
Data nadesłania: 22-09-2021
Data ostatniej rewizji: 07-11-2021
Data akceptacji: 07-11-2021
Data publikacji: 31-12-2021
Autor do korespondencji
Małgorzata Płoszaj
Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Podchorążych 2, 33-332 Kraków, Polska
Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Podchorążych 2, 33-332 Kraków, Polska
Joanna Kossewska
Instytut Pedagogiki Specjalnej, Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Ingardena 4, 30-060 Kraków, Polska
Instytut Pedagogiki Specjalnej, Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Ingardena 4, 30-060 Kraków, Polska
Wychowanie w Rodzinie 2021;25(2):257-272
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
STRESZCZENIE
Wprowadzenie. Rodzice dzieci z zaburzeniami ze spektrum autyzmu (Autism Spectrum
Disorders, ASD – ang.) doświadczają przewlekłego stresu, który często przeradza się
w zaburzenia lękowe i depresyjne, a także dysfunkcje somatyczne. Ze względu na permanentne
obciążenie konieczne jest zastosowanie terapii, prowadzącej do zmniejszenia niepokojących
objawów, i rozwijanie skutecznych strategii radzenia sobie. Nieliczne jeszcze
publikacje dostarczają danych o skuteczności terapii poznawczo-behawioralnej zastosowanej
wobec rodziców i opiekunów dzieci z ASD.
Cel. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie polskich badań potwierdzających efektywność
terapii poznawczo-behawioralnej zastosowanej wobec rodziców dzieci z ASD.
Materiały i metody. W pracy zastosowano następujące narzędzia: SES – Skalę samooceny
Rosenberga oraz STAI – kwestionariusz lęku jako cechy i stanu Spielbergera.
Wyniki. Na podstawie analizy wskaźników uzyskanych przed zastosowaniem interwencji
i po niej, w grupie eksperymentalnej oraz w grupie kontrolnej (niepoddanej terapii)
należy stwierdzić, że po interwencji nastąpiło statystycznie istotne obniżenie poziomu
lęku jako stanu oraz wzrost poziomu samooceny. Analogicznych zmian nie stwierdzono
w grupie niepoddawanej interwencji.
Wnioski. Podjęta wobec rodziców dzieci z ASD interwencja terapeutyczna zrealizowana
w podejściu poznawczo-behawioralnym stanowi efektywną metodę niwelowania
poziomu lęku i podnoszenia samooceny.
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